Educational Resources

Recognizing the warning signs of suicide: What to look for and how to help

It’s true that we often have no way of knowing the struggles someone may be facing beneath the surface. If you notice any signs that someone you care about might be feeling distressed, or even if you have a sense that they might be going through a tough time, reach out.

Throughout our lives, we encounter moments that can feel intimidating, especially when discussing sensitive topics like suicide. Acknowledging that suicide is a significant concern in the United States is essential, as it often arises from a mix of psychological stress and health challenges that can lead to overwhelming despair.

By fostering open and compassionate conversations about suicide, we create a supportive environment where individuals feel safe to share their thoughts and emotions. This collective effort helps reinforce the message that no one is alone in their struggles and that there is hope for a brighter future.

What are suicidal thoughts?

Suicidal ideation, called suicidal thoughts, is the focus on death or suicide. These thoughts can manifest in various ways, starting from curiosity about life and death to involving more distressing “what if” scenarios that can lead to overwhelming feelings of hopelessness and despair.

If these passing thoughts go unaddressed, they can escalate into detailed plans regarding when, how, and where to end one’s life.

Some common suicidal thoughts include:

Questioning one’s worth or existence
Wondering if death might bring relief
Persistent feelings of hopelessness or emotional pain
Curiosity about what life would be like if you were gone
Intrusive “what if” scenarios

Initially, such thoughts may seem fleeting or harmless, but if they aren’t addressed, they have the potential to evolve into more serious and concrete plans or intentions toward self-harm.

Suicide risk factors

It’s important to remember that having a risk factor for suicide doesn’t mean someone will take action. However, knowing how to communicate compassionately with those struggling and recognizing potential warning signs is essential.

By staying informed and engaged, we can make a positive difference.

Here are some key risk factors to be aware of for individuals who might be in crisis:

Diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder. Research has shown that nearly half of the individuals who complete unaliving themselves had a known mental health condition.

Previous attempt. A prior suicide attempt is the most documented risk factor for suicide. The incidence of suicide is highest in the first few years after the attempt, but the risk can continue for much longer.

Major life change. When someone is going through a significant change, such as the loss of a loved one, divorce, loss of a job, housing, or stressors that may arise and be difficult for someone to navigate.

Diagnosis of terminal or chronic illness. A medical condition that comes with pain, disability symptoms, or terminal illness.

Access to lethal means. While the impact of suicide may differ among groups, every suicide involves a deadly means, such as firearms, suffocation, poisoning, or cutting.

Family history of suicide.

Warning signs that someone is considering suicide

People contemplating suicide often exhibit certain behaviors or signals that may indicate their struggle. While some may openly express their feelings, others may go to great lengths to hide their pain.

Some emotional and verbal clues to watch for include:

They talk about it. Many people will talk about their plans to end their life before they successfully end their life.
Feeling like a burden. Many people experience feelings of being a burden, but those who are considering suicide may come to believe that their loved ones shouldn’t have to deal with their problems. They might think and say that it would be best to end their struggles and no longer be around, believing this would alleviate the burden on others.

You might also notice behavioral changes like:

Isolation. When we isolate and withdraw from our friends, family, and community, it reduces the opportunity for someone having suicidal thoughts to give out those warning signs and impacts their ability to access mental health treatment.
Loss of interest. Someone who has lost interest in hobbies or activities they previously loved or no longer cares about taking care of themselves.
Increased use of drugs or alcohol. Using substances can hinder a person’s awareness of negative emotions and impair their ability to use healthy coping skills to manage stress. This effect can be especially severe for individuals struggling with suicidal thoughts, as substances may lower their inhibitions and cloud their judgment. This increases the risk of transitioning from suicidal thoughts to attempts.
Giving away personal belongings.

These signs can sometimes be subtle. That’s why keeping the lines of communication open is so important. By checking in regularly and showing that you care, you can make a real difference in the lives of those around you.

How to talk about suicide

Initiating a conversation about suicide can feel daunting, but it’s important to know that asking doesn’t plant the idea if it’s not already there. In fact, opening this dialogue can provide an opportunity to alleviate feelings of shame or guilt that someone might be grappling with.

When you approach this sensitive topic with genuine empathy and concern, you create a meaningful emotional connection that can lift someone out of their feelings of isolation and may be the first step toward getting the help they need.

If you’re worried about someone, here are some thoughtful steps to take:

Start the conversation. Use reassuring phrases such as “I’m here for you” or “You’re not alone.” You might ask questions like, “How are you doing?” or “Are you feeling overwhelmed?”
Listen without judgment. Validate their feelings and avoid jumping to solutions.
Educate yourself. Learn about suicide warning signs and risk factors.
Check in frequently. Let them know you care and disrupt the isolation they may feel.
Encourage seeking professional help. It’s a brave step toward healing.
Assist in creating a safety plan that is tailored to their needs.

Safety planning

Creating a safety plan can be a powerful tool for navigating a mental health crisis with confidence and support. It’s essentially a personalized road map that you can turn to when you need it most. It is a list of things that can help you or a loved one feel better when they’re experiencing a crisis, including suicidal thoughts. This list could include both activities you can do on your own and those you can do with others.

Here are some key components to consider when developing your own safety plan:

Identify your unique warning signs—the thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that signal you may be entering a crisis. Recognizing these can empower you to act sooner.
Include effective coping strategies that work for you. Simple activities, such as journaling, walking, or practicing deep breathing, can be incredibly beneficial.
Curate a list of trusted friends and relatives you can reach out to for encouragement and reassurance.
Compile contact details for professionals who provide support, including local resources and those you already know. Rosecrance provides crisis services in northern and central Illinois.
Identify safe spaces where you feel at ease.
Consider proactive steps to minimize access to lethal means.

By putting this plan in place and sharing it with someone else, you’re taking a thoughtful step toward ensuring you can get the support you need when it’s needed most.

How to stay safe if you’re struggling

Feeling hopeless doesn’t mean you are hopeless.

Seeking support, whether from a friend, a helpline, or a mental health professional, is an act of courage and strength. The journey to healing is not only attainable but can also bring a deeper appreciation for life and newfound resilience.

Remember, you’re not alone in this. If you’re feeling lost or defeated, keep these truths in mind:

Opening up can truly save a life.
It’s perfectly OK to seek help.
Your healing journey is just beginning, and your story has so much more to unfold.

Reaching out is a powerful step toward healing. Support is available, and a meaningful life is still within reach.

Final thoughts

Suicide prevention is a collective effort. Whether you’re struggling yourself or worried about someone you love, compassionate communication and informed support can save lives. No matter how dark things feel, there is always a path toward light, healing, and hope.

If you have suicidal thoughts, but aren’t in a crisis, you may need outpatient treatment. This treatment may include:

Psychotherapy, called talk therapy, allows you to explore the issues that make you feel suicidal and learn skills to help manage emotions more effectively. You and your therapist can work together to develop a treatment plan and goals.
Medications. There are various options, like antidepressants and anti-anxiety medicine that can help ease your symptoms and bring relief.
Addiction treatment. Treatment for drug or alcohol addiction can include detoxification (called withdrawal management), addiction treatment programs, and self-help group meetings.
Family support and education. Your loved ones can be both a source of support and conflict. Involving them in treatment can help them understand what you’re going through, provide them with better coping skills, and enhance family communication and relationships.

Additionally, if you’re seeking specialized care, Rosecrance Therapies in Rockford and Chicago offers innovative treatments such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and Spravato (esketamine therapy) for those who have not found relief through traditional methods.